{"id":10469,"date":"2017-02-23T08:29:31","date_gmt":"2017-02-23T07:29:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/master.hudo.com\/si\/2016\/02\/23\/angleski-raziskovalec-ni-res-da-je-ateizem-novodoben-pojav-obstaja-ze-tisocletja\/"},"modified":"2017-02-24T12:13:23","modified_gmt":"2017-02-24T11:13:23","slug":"ni-res-da-je-ateizem-novodoben-pojav-obstaja-ze-tisocletja","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hudo.com\/si\/lifestyle\/ni-res-da-je-ateizem-novodoben-pojav-obstaja-ze-tisocletja\/","title":{"rendered":"Ni res, da je ateizem novodoben pojav! Obstaja \u017ee tiso\u010dletja."},"content":{"rendered":"
\n\t\t\t\t\t
Sokrat, eden najve\u010djih mislecev antike, je bil pred skoraj 2.500 leti zaradi dvoma v bogove usmr\u010den (foto:Profimedia)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Knjiga znanstvenika z Univerze v Cambrigeu oporeka splo\u0161nemu prepri\u010danju, da je vera v nadnaravno \u010dloveku tako reko\u010d prirojena.<\/p>\n

V delu\u00a0z naslovom Battling the Gods<\/em><\/a> (ang. spopad z bogovi) avtor Tim Whitmarsh, profesor starogr\u0161ke kulture na univerzi v Cambridgeu, ostro zavra\u010da danes prevladujo\u010de prepri\u010danje, da je ateizem oz. neverovanje v nadnaravno moderen pojav. Ateizem tako naj ne bi bil produkt evropskega razsvetljenstva, temve\u010d so ga poznali \u017ee stari misleci. Whitmarsh je predstavil \u0161tevilne primere starih zapisov, ki jih je dolga leta, kot pravi, izkopaval izpod ru\u0161evin tiso\u010dletij dolge kr\u0161\u010danskega zatiranja.<\/p>\n

Verovanje v nadnaravno zna\u010dilno za vse kulture – prav tako ateizem<\/h2>\n

Profesor Whitmarsh v intervjuju za The Guardian<\/a> pravi, da ga splo\u0161no prepri\u010danje, da ljudje po naravi verjamemo v bogove, skrbi. ”Rad bi z dokazi omajal prepri\u010danje, ki trmasto vztraja in se krepi, da je vera fundamentalen del \u010dlove\u0161tva,” pojasnjuje.<\/p>\n

Splo\u0161no prepri\u010danje sicer pravi, da se je ateizem pojavil v dobi\u00a0razsvetljenja v Evropi, ko sta se pojavili sestrski zamisli o sekularni\u00a0dr\u017eavi in o znanosti kot tekmici religijske dogme.<\/p>\n

To je mit, pravi profesor, ”ki ga napajata obe strani sodobne ateisti\u010dne razprave. Ateisti se trudijo dvom v nadnaravno predstaviti kot posledico znanstvenega razvoja, verniki pa ateizem ozna\u010dujejo kot patolo\u0161ki simptom dekadentnega kapitalisti\u010dnega Zahoda.”<\/p>\n

”Obe strani sta krivi modernisti\u010dne ne\u010dimrnosti. Dvom v obstoj nadnaravnega\u00a0je namre\u010d ‘star kot Zemlja’! Le zaradi globokega nepoznavanja klasi\u010dne (gr\u0161ke anti\u010dne) tradicije lahko nekdo dejansko verjame, da so se \u0161ele Evropejci v 18. stoletju spopadli z bogovi.”<\/p>\n

”Na ateizem gledamo kot na sodobno idejo, ki se je nedavno pojavila v zahodnih civilizacijah. Retorika, s katero ga opisujemo je hiper-moderna. Dejansko pa so stare kulture bile veliko bolj spodobne ateizem pojmovati\u00a0kot nekaj na spektru normalnega,” pravi Whitmarsh.<\/p>\n

”Namesto, da bi podajali sodbe na podlagi znanstvenih dokazov, so zgodnji ateisti zastavljali univerzalna vpra\u0161anja glede paradoksalne narave religije – tega, da od tebe zahteva sprejeti neka dejstva, ki jih\u00a0po intuiciji ni v tvojem svetu. To, da se je tak dvom pojavljal \u017ee pred tiso\u010dletji, ka\u017ee na verjetnost njegovega obstoja v vseh kulturah.”<\/p>\n

Whitmarsh opozarja na Platona <\/a>v \u010detrtem stoletju pred na\u0161im \u0161tetjem, ki si je zami\u0161ljal razpravo med vernikom in ateistom: ”Ti in tvoji prijatelji niste prvi s tak\u0161nim pogledom na bogove! Od nekdaj so nekateri ljudje bolehali za to boleznijo, v ve\u010djem ali manj\u0161em \u0161tevilu,” je vernik odvrnil\u00a0neverniku. Whitmarsh v knjigi navaja \u0161tevilne primere klasi\u010dnih mislecev, ki so bodisi oporekali veri v nadnaravno, bodisi so poro\u010dali o tak\u0161nem mnenju drugih. Ugotavlja, da zaradi velike raznolikosti znotraj politeisti\u010dnih starogr\u0161kih dru\u017eb ni bilo neke verske ortodoksnosti in ni bilo duhovnikov, ki bi predpisovali ljudem, kako morajo \u017eiveti. To je pomenilo, da \u010deprav je ateizem veljal za zgre\u0161eno prepri\u010danje, so ga ve\u010dinoma tolerirali. Razen v primeru Sokrata<\/a>, ki so ga leta\u00a0399 pr. n. \u0161t\u00a0v Atenah usmrtili, ker ni priznaval mestnih bogov.”<\/p>\n

Whitmarsh v knjigi ne zavzema stali\u0161\u010da glede resni\u010dnosti ali neresni\u010dnosti ateizma, poudarja v uvodu. Po njegovem prepri\u010danju, ki ga je raziskovanje za knjigo le \u0161e utrdilo, sta kulturni in verski pluralizem, skupaj z odprto razpravo in svobodo misli, nepogre\u0161ljivi za dobro \u017eivljenje.<\/p>\n

”Ve\u010dina kultur v zgodovini \u010dlove\u0161tva je poznala\u00a0neko obliko verovanja. Te\u017eko bi trdili, da to ni bila norma. A to ne pomeni, da so se vsi \u010dlani teh kultur strinjali s tem,” \u0161e pi\u0161e. Niti to, da je religioznost \u010dloveku prirojena.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u010ceprav danes prevladuje mnenje, da so ljudje od nekdaj verjeli v bogove in da so filozofi \u0161ele pred nekaj stoletji za\u010deli dvomiti, zgodovina pravi druga\u010de<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1091],"tags":[2043,2044],"source":[1518,1540,1529],"supertag":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nNi res, da je ateizem novodoben pojav! Obstaja \u017ee tiso\u010dletja. - Hudo Slovenija<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/hudo.com\/si\/lifestyle\/ni-res-da-je-ateizem-novodoben-pojav-obstaja-ze-tisocletja\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sl_SI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ni res, da je ateizem novodoben pojav! 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