{"id":368719,"date":"2018-04-17T12:08:46","date_gmt":"2018-04-17T10:08:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hudo.com\/si\/?p=368719"},"modified":"2018-04-17T12:08:46","modified_gmt":"2018-04-17T10:08:46","slug":"znanstveniki-po-nakljucju-ustvarili-encim-ki-razgrajuje-plastiko","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hudo.com\/si\/aktualno\/znanstveniki-po-nakljucju-ustvarili-encim-ki-razgrajuje-plastiko\/","title":{"rendered":"Znanstveniki po naklju\u010dju ustvarili encim, ki razgrajuje plastiko"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Ve\u010d kot osem milijonov ton plastike vsako leto kon\u010da v naravi, \u0161e posebej problemati\u010dna pa je onesna\u017eenost oceanov. Kljub prizadevanjem z recikliranjem se problem onesna\u017eenosti s plastiko ne zmanj\u0161uje in ker ve\u010dina plastike lahko obstane tudi ve\u010d sto let, si znanstveniki \u017ee dlje \u010dasa prizadevajo, da bi na\u0161li kak bolj u\u010dinkovit prijem za odpravljanje tega problema.<\/p>\n

Znanstveniki Univerze v Portsmouthu in laboratorija za obnovljive vire energije v okviru ameri\u0161kega ministrstva za energijo so se zdaj posvetili raziskavi bakterije Ideonelli sakaiensis, ki se, kot vse ka\u017ee, hrani izklju\u010dno s plastiko tipa PET (polietilentereftalat). Ta se sicer uporablja za izdelavo plastenk in razli\u010dnih plasti\u010dnih posod.<\/p>\n

To bakterijo so pred nekaj leti odkrili na Japonskem in japonski znanstveniki menijo, da se je razvila relativno pred kratkim v kakem recikla\u017enem centru, saj so plastiko za\u010deli uporabljati \u0161ele v 40. letih prej\u0161njega stoletja.<\/p>\n

Znanstveniki so si zdaj prizadevali ugotoviti, kako deluje eden njenih encimov – PETaza. Sku\u0161ali so ugotoviti njegovo strukturo, a jim je uspel \u0161e korak ve\u010d – povsem naklju\u010dno jim je uspelo ustvariti encim, ki je \u0161e bolj u\u010dinkovit pri razgradnji plastike PET, so objavili v znanstveni reviji Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.<\/p>\n

Z zelo mo\u010dnimi rentgenskimi \u017earki so uspeli oblikovati tridimenzionalni model encima v visoki resoluciji, z ra\u010dunalni\u0161kim modeliranjem pa so znanstveniki Univerze Ju\u017ene Floride in brazilske Univerze Campinas odkrili, da je PETaza po kemi\u010dni strukturi zelo podobna encimu cutinaza, ki ga je mo\u010d najti v nekaterih glivah in bakterijah.<\/p>\n

Eno obmo\u010dje strukture PETaze je bilo sicer nekoliko druga\u010dno od cutinaze in znanstveniki so domnevali, da je ta del odgovoren za razgradnjo plastike. Nato so mutirali aktivni del PETaze, da bi ga naredili bolj podobnega cutinazi, a so pri tem ustvarili mutantski encim, ki je \u0161e bolj u\u010dinkovit pri razgradnji plastike PET kot naravna PETaza.<\/p>\n

Ta encim bodo zdaj sku\u0161ali \u0161e izbolj\u0161ati, upajo pa, da jim bo uspelo dose\u010di mo\u017enost industrijske razgradnje plastike.<\/p>\n

“Naklju\u010dje pogosto igra pomembno vlogo pri temeljnih znanstvenih raziskavah in na\u0161e odkritje ni bilo nobena izjema,” je odkritje komentiral avtor \u0161tudije John McGeehan, sicer profesor na britanski Univerzi v Portsmouthu.<\/p>\n

“\u010ceprav je napredek skromen, pa to nepri\u010dakovano odkritje nakazuje, da imamo prostor za dodatne izbolj\u0161ave teh encimov in da se bomo lahko pribli\u017eali re\u0161itvi recikliranja vse ve\u010dje gore odpadne plastike,” je \u0161e dodal profesor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ameri\u0161ki in britanski znanstveniki so po naklju\u010dju ustvarili encim, ki je sposoben razgrajevati plastiko, poro\u010da francoska tiskovna agencija AFP. Odkritje bi bilo lahko revolucionarno pri re\u0161evanju problematike vse ve\u010dje onesna\u017eenosti s plastiko, so opozorili v \u0161tudiji, ki so jo objavili v ponedeljek.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":368720,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1179],"tags":[1643,1682,1687],"source":[4511],"supertag":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nZnanstveniki po naklju\u010dju ustvarili encim, ki razgrajuje plastiko - Hudo Slovenija<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/hudo.com\/si\/aktualno\/znanstveniki-po-nakljucju-ustvarili-encim-ki-razgrajuje-plastiko\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sl_SI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Znanstveniki po naklju\u010dju ustvarili encim, ki razgrajuje plastiko - Hudo Slovenija\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ameri\u0161ki in britanski znanstveniki so po naklju\u010dju ustvarili encim, ki je sposoben razgrajevati plastiko, poro\u010da francoska tiskovna agencija AFP. Odkritje bi bilo lahko revolucionarno pri re\u0161evanju problematike vse ve\u010dje onesna\u017eenosti s plastiko, so opozorili v \u0161tudiji, ki so jo objavili v ponedeljek.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/hudo.com\/si\/aktualno\/znanstveniki-po-nakljucju-ustvarili-encim-ki-razgrajuje-plastiko\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Hudo Slovenija\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/hudo.si\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-04-17T10:08:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/hudo.com\/si\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/04\/profimedia-0070076402.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1250\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"834\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"A. 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